Different questions. A common standard.

Work, risk and care are distributed unevenly. Understanding the pattern means being precise about what was measured and what explains it.

A disparity is an observation. Explaining it requires careful definitions, comparable populations and a test of competing explanations.

Where someone lives can shape their access to institutions, their economic prospects and the public resources around them.

Comparing generations means separating the circumstances of a birth cohort from the ordinary changes that come with age.

Resources, opportunities and outcomes are connected, but they are not interchangeable measures of equality.